Crash Dummies- Alcohol and Atherosclerosis

The following link is a thorough overview of Atherosclerosis and the complications thereof.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OHE1ig4k64M

Studies have shown that there is a correlation between binge drinking and higher risk factor for atherosclerosis. Common sense says, the more you drink, the worse your condition gets. However, there are preventative measures that include the following, from a University of Maryland Medical Center article: "lowering blood pressure and LDL ("bad") choloesterol levels, eating a healthy diet with lots of fruits and vegetables, quitting smoking, losing weight, and getting more exercise can prevent atherosclerosis."

Drinking, like all things, is bad in high quantities. It's good to have a good time, but do so with moderation!
-Love the Crash Dummies

Arrhythmias- Team TCTD

Arrhythmia is the change  in electrical impulses in the heart which causes abnormal heart rhythms.
Types of abnormal heart rhthyms:

• bradycardia- heart beats too slow
• tachycardia- heart beats too fast
• fibrillation- quivering
• premature contraction- early beat

Symptoms:

• "fluttering" in the chest
• palpitation
• skipped heart beat
• fatigue
• dizziness
• fainting shortness of breath
• cardiac arrest

Causes:

• scarring or abnormal tissue in heart
• incompletely developed conduction system
• alchol, cigarettes, and recreational drugs
• cardiac medications
• physical activity and stress can worsen

Treatments:

• take medications for it
• monitor pulse
• avoid addictive substances

First Aid Superheroes-Types of AED's

There are three different types of AED's(Automatic External Defibrillation). AED is portable device that sends electrical currents to the heart and re-stimulate.  Automatic- records the event.  Semi-automatic-has doctor override function.  Internal-Defibulator placed under the skin to shock the heart when needed.

Team Awesome

Smoking and Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis: A process of progressive thickening and hardening of the walls of medium-sized and large arteries as a result of fat deposits on their inner lining.

Atherosclerosis comes from the Greek words athero (meaning gruel or paste) and sclerosis (meaning hardness). The combination of the two meanings provides a rather gruesome picture of a hard paste (plaque) being deposited in our blood vessels. Not a pretty sight from any angle. 

It is believed by many scientists that this dreaded condition begins when damage occurs to the innermost layer of the artery. Such damage can be caused by…

• High levels of cholesterol
• High triglycerides
• High blood pressure
• Smoking
• Diabetes
• Obesity

Smoking (and other tobacco use) greatly increases atherosclerosis development and growth, especially in the aorta and large arteries such as those in the legs and those leading to the heart (coronary arteries). 

Because of the damage, over time fats, cholesterol, platelets, cellular debris and calcium are deposited in the artery wall. These substances may stimulate the cells of the artery wall to produce still other substances. This results in more cells accumulating in the innermost layer of the artery wall where the atherosclerotic lesions form. These cells accumulate, and many of them divide. At the same time, fat builds up within and around these cells. They also form connective tissue.

The innermost layer of the artery becomes markedly thickened by these accumulating cells and surrounding material. If the wall is thickened sufficiently, the diameter of the artery will be reduced and less blood will flow, thus decreasing the oxygen supply.

Often a blood clot forms and blocks the artery, stopping the flow of blood. If the oxygen supply to the heart muscle is reduced, a heart attack can occur. If the oxygen supply to the brain is cut off, a stroke can occur. And if the oxygen supply to the extremities occurs, gangrene can result.

Apple Jacks and Janes

                                        The main causes of ischemic heart attacks
Ischemic heart attacks are often caused from plaque building up in vessels causing them to narrow and make it harder for blood to get through to the heart and clotting more likely.  Some main causes include:
1. Smoking
2. Diabetes Mellitus
3.Hypercholesterolaemia (elevated blood levels of cholesterol)
4. Clots blocking coronary arteries

First Aid 4

In the article Your Heart's Electrical System states that,
"The heart’s electrical system is made up of three main parts: The sinoatrial node, located in the right atrium of your heart, the atrioventricular node, located on the interatrial septum close to the tricuspid valve, and the His-Purkinje system, located along the walls of your heart’s ventricles. Each and every beat of your heart is set in motion by an electrical signal from within your heart muscle. The signal spreads across the cells of your ventricle walls, and both ventricles contract.  As the signal passes, the walls of the ventricles relax and await the next signal. This process continues repeatedly as the atria refill with blood and other electrical signals come from the SA node."

 http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/hhw/hhw_electrical.html

CONSCIOUS CHOKING- Team TCTD

Ask victim if they are choking

Obtain consent

Tell victim the who you are/ level of training  









Lean the person forward

Give 5 back blows                                         

Give 5 abdominal thrusts (chest thrusts to a person that is pregnant or too big to get your hands around)


















Continue back blows and abdominal thrusts until...

• object comes out,
• person can breathe or cough, or
• person becomes unconscious.

CPR - TEAM AWESOME

First, check for signs of life.

If there are no signs of life, proceed with CPR.
Begin with 30 compressions at a rate of 30 in 18 seconds.

Compressions need to be at a depth of 1 1/2 to 2 inches.

Administer 2 rescue breaths. Give a 1 second breath, pause for 3 seconds, and then proceed with another breath lasting 1 second.
1-3-1






REPEAT UNTIL AED IS READY TO USE, EMERGENCY RESPONDERS ARRIVE, OR YOU ARE TOO EXHAUSTED TO CONTINUE.

First Aid Superheroes-Bleeding

1. Tell the victim who you/level of training
2. Obtain Consent









3. Responder doesn't have any personal protective equipment.
4. She instructs victim on how to treat wound.

5. Apply enough gauze and pressure until bleeding is under control.

6. Wrap elastic roller bandage around injury site.












7. Tie the Knot about the injury site

8. Completed Bandage

First Aid 4

 UNCONSCIOUS CHOKING


Chin Lift/ Head Tilt







2 Rescue Breaths

(If breaths do not go in)

Chin Lift/Head Tilt

2 Rescue Breaths






(Breaths still do not go in)

30 Compressions

Look for an object (Remove the object)







(If breaths go in)

Check for signs of life







Give care based on the conditions you find.

Apple Jacks and Janes

Check, Call, Care


Checking the scene

Check the victim

Call 911

"you, call 911!!!!"

"Okay, Calling 911!"

Look, Listen , and Feel for breathing...

If no signs of life...

Give 2 rescue breaths.

You just saved a LIFE!!! :D

Team Awesome

BODY SYSTEM

Affected the musculoskeletal and nervous system.


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCxy7hpqSnQ

CrashDummies

Circulatory System
Carotid Artery Severed in Hockey Match

Risks to all body systems if bleeding uncontrolled.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l3znNVAMQzY

Team TCTD

Body Systems (Start at 1:43 end at 1:55)
System that was damaged is the musculoskeletal and possibly the nervous system.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ShIGXOQFJA

First Aid 4

9/16

Body Systems

In this clip, the musculoskeletal system is the most affected. Given that the bone was broken through the skin, it also affected the integumentary system. If any arteries or veins were damaged, it would also have affected the circulatory system which could potentially then cause all other body systems to fail.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hjjn-XLObGQ

First Aid Superheroes

Body Systems

In this clip the respiratory system is failing, but circulatory system seems to be fine. If the respiratory system does not respond, the circulatory system will begin to fail as well. This could cause the nervous system to fail, shutting down all other body systems.

   http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HOa59tP_S28

Apple Jacks and Janes

Body Systems

In this clip the musculoskeletal system is affected. The weightlifter blew out his knee.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8CIFmy4rVg

Body Systems

In this clip the respiratory system fails and all other systems start to fail. If not enough oxygen is taken in all the circulatory system will fail. If the circulatory system fails all body systems will eventually shut down. This results from a lack of oxygen to the tissues.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjdUMrlqEPE

Crash Dummies

8/9/10
CrashDummies

Single car 100mph crash captured on DPD squad car cam
15sec. - 25sec.

Check: Is the scene safe? Is the traffic behind you stopped? Is there risk of fire hazard?
Call: 911, Location; highway underpass. Victim; Driver ejected from vehicle due to high speed crash. Describe Injury; Lacerations, extreme body trauma.
Care: Check for breathing, Ask victim questions to keep them alert. Keep victim calm and stabilized.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYuYaS-8tmU

First Aid Four

Check The Scene
Thursday, September 09, 2010

Homeless man stabbed to death (Pause at 26 seconds)
Check the scene. Is the scene safe for you?
How would you check to see if the victim is conscious?
Who would you call? And what information would you tell them?


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-20dURI9qA

First Aid Superheroes

Checking the Scene

Motorcycle Crash (Start at 56 pause at 2.00)

Check: Is it safe? Explosive? Is Victim conscious?

Call:  Will you give care before/after you call?

Care: After seeing wreck what type of injuries will you look for?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KARjyQVjoi0

Team Awesome

Thursday, September 9th, 2010


Checking the Scene

Team Awesome



Police Chase (start at :50 and end at 1:05)

Check: Is it safe for the officer and any innocent bystanders?

Call: What information can you give? (Sounds, sights?)

Care: What kind of care can the officer give? What should the homeowners do, if anything? What care can a bystander give?



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iAMwholkV-A

Apple Jacks and Janes

Checking the scene






Multi car crash with 18-wheeler (start to 0:26)



Check: Is if safe?

Definitely not safe with potential of minimum 10 victims



Call: Who would you call? What would you say?

Multi-car and truck crash with explosion, call 911 immediately



Care: Would you give care? If so, what would you do?

No care given, too dangerous



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g2uhzV8jMLE

Team TCTD

Checking the Scene


Car Crash (Start at 1:05 and pause at 1:18)

Check: Is it safe? How many victims?

Call: What information are you going to give?

Care: If you do give care, what care do you predict you’ll give?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V3TNWibm82g

Checking the Scene

Checking the scene


Multi car crash (Pause at 10 seconds and ask class to check the scene )

Check: Is it safe? How many victims?

Call: What information are you going to give?

Care: If you do give care, what care do you predict you will give?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9K3laXJqy8w



Train derailment (Start at 1:00 minute and pause at 1:36)

Check: Is it safe? How many victims?

Call: What information are you going to give?

Care: If you do give care, what care do you predict you will give?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nNY2YsVjcd4



House explosion (pause at 22 seconds)

Check: Is it safe? How many victims?

Call: What information are you going to give?

Care: If you do give care, what care do you predict you will give?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KjAKjdA5Lzw